PHP MYSQL - Operators - 5.8 Conditional Assignment Operators
PHP Conditional Assignment Operators
The PHP conditional assignment operators are used to set a value depending on conditions:
| Operator | Name | Example | Result | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ?: | Ternary | $x = expr1 ? expr2 : expr3 | Returns the value of $x. The value of $x is expr2 if expr1 = TRUE. The value of $x is expr3 if expr1 = FALSE | |
| ?? | Null coalescing | $x = expr1 ?? expr2 | Returns the value of $x. The value of $x is expr1 if expr1 exists, and is not NULL. If expr1 does not exist, or is NULL, the value of $x is expr2. Introduced in PHP 7 |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<?php
// if empty($user) = TRUE, set $status = "anonymous"
echo $status = (empty($user)) ? "anonymous" : "logged in";
echo("<br>");
$user = "John Doe";
// if empty($user) = FALSE, set $status = "logged in"
echo $status = (empty($user)) ? "anonymous" : "logged in";
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
anonymous
logged in
logged in
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<?php
// variable $user is the value of $_GET['user']
// and 'anonymous' if it does not exist
echo $user = $_GET["user"] ?? "anonymous";
echo("<br>");
// variable $color is "red" if $color does not exist or is null
echo $color = $color ?? "red";
?>
</body>
</html>
Output:
anonymous
red
red
